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Posts Tagged ‘lighting’

Lighting Techniques

Thursday, February 5th, 2009

lighting

One of the hardest things to get right in a photograph is the lighting. Too much light, too little light, or a combination of the two can ruin an otherwise perfect photo. But, luckily this problem can be solved if you understand the types of lighting, how they affect your camera and what you can do to use these effects to your full advantage.

Backlighting

Backlighting is just as it sounds: light that comes from behind your subject. This can make a beautiful photo, or turn a beautiful photo into a disaster. Backlighting is what turns a palm tree into a silhouette against the sunset. In this case, that is a good thing that adds to the photograph. But, the same thing can happen if you want to take a photograph of a person who has a strong backlight behind them, such as the sun, sky, or bright lights. The camera reads the brightness behind the main subject and sets its internal meter to expose properly for the extra light. This underexposes your subject and will usually turn them into a silhouette. You can avoid this by using a fill-flash. A fill-flash will “fill” in the needed light, chasing away the shadows from your subject caused from the bright light behind.

Side lighting

Side lighting can have a very drastic effect on your photos, also. But, unlike backlighting, its brightness comes from the right or left of your subject. This tends to cast one side in total darkness, while putting the other in the spot light. This is a wonderful way to get a mysterious, dramatic portrait photo. Pose your subject in front of a window, with one of their shoulders close to the window. Your camera will expose properly for the bright side and will usually cast the other side of the face in complete darkness. If, on the other hand, you want a natural portrait you can use something to reflect light onto the darkened side of the face. A white poster board or other light reflecting surface can bounce enough light back onto your subject to soften the effect of side lighting.

Side lighting is wonderful for showing texture and adding depth to a photo.

Diffused Lighting

Sometimes lighting from any direction is just too harsh. This is when you want to soften the incoming light, to take away some of the contrast for a more pleasing photograph. Bright sunlight at midday is the worst kind of light for photography. The light colors are washed out and the contrasting shadows are too dark. To avoid this, wait for the sun to go behind a cloud or if your subject is moveable, put them in the shade of a tree or building and take the photo there. The light will be much more natural here and will result in a better photo. If it is not possible to move your subject, and there is not a cloud in sight, you can sometimes make your own shade with an umbrella or some similar object. Or, come back in the morning or evening when the sun is lower the sky.

Artificial Lighting

Artificial lighting comes in all shapes and sizes. From a built in flash on your camera to expensive lights in the studio, they all have their strengths and weaknesses.

On camera flashes are simple and easy to use, but sometimes cause the awful red eye so common in snapshots. The farther the flash is away from the lens, the less likely this is to happen. Another problem with on camera flash is the harsh light they cast onto the subject. If you have an off camera flash, you can bounce the light for a softer effect.

One last thing to remember about artificial light, unless you are using black and white film, regular indoor lights will give your photos a yellow cast. These lights are not the equivalent of flash bulb lights, and therefore will not give you the same results.

Knowing these simple tips about lighting will help you go out and make the most of all your photo opportunities. And, with practice, your photography will open up new opportunities for you!

Written by Debbie Stauffer

Photography lighting tips

Wednesday, February 4th, 2009

Lighting can drastically affect your pictures and photos. Read on for some easy photography lighting tips.

Lighting is one of the most important aspects of photography. The lighting you use will determine the entire mood of your end photograph, whether it is playful, serious, dramatic or somewhere in between. This is the aspect of photography that most allows for creative freedom on the part of the photographer. With the way you use light, you have the ability to make your photographs a true reflection of your personality.

There are no right or wrong ways to use light, only certain given facts about various situations. For example, taking a direct picture of metal or glass is going to cause the resulting picture to have a reflection of the flash, or flare as it is called. To avoid this flare, it is suggested you aim your flash at a forty-five degree angle to the surface of metal or glass. However, you might feel the flare will add something to your picture. Allowing the flare to exist is not wrong, it is your choice in this particular situation. That, in essence, is the point of learning certain rules on light, to give you the freedom of choice in your final outcome.

The basic rule is pictures taken in diffuse light will be softer and have fewer shadows. Harsh, direct light increases the number and depth of shadows and also adds drama to a photo. The first thing you must consider is which type of light is best for the look you are trying to create. Portraits are most often taken with soft light. Bouncing whatever light you use off a backdrop or ceiling will soften it before the light reaches your subject.

Softer lighting adds a dreamy quality to your photograph. Soft, natural light such as found in the early morning or early evening hours is ideal. We can not always choose these ideal times for our sessions, however, and must make do with what we have available. Indoors, you can use candles as a light source or drape a sheer scarf over your flash to produce this softer look. Outdoors, try waiting for an overcast day, if possible or place your subject in the shade and use fill flash.

There are times when you want to present a dramatic statement with your photograph. Direct, bright light will produce many deep shadows on your subject that, if worked with, can create a very dramatic impression. In landscapes, deep shadows can create a sense of danger in cliffs and rocky areas. A chasm filled with the black of shadow produces an image of danger and mystery. Even a portrait can be done with harsh light. Work with the angle of the light, taking several poses. A face partially obscured in shadow can appear mysterious.

Another situation that many people avoid is shooting into the sun. If detail is what you are seeking, keeping the sun at your back is a good rule to follow. Shooting into the sun will render anything other than the background as silhouette. This can work in your favor if the landscape is your main focus. In regards to high impact, a well placed silhouette can speak volumes in a photograph. Experiment with this one for a bit and see what you can come up with.

I must make one last note in regards to light. The human eye is accustomed to light coming from above a subject. Any time you want the light to go unnoticed, have it coming from above your subject. Using side or back light will be fine, as long as the main source is above. On the other hand, you can use this knowledge to get people to take a second look at your photograph. Anything out of our usual sense of normal causes a reaction to check again. Using a light source coming from anywhere other than above will create this reaction. Try it and see how people notice.

Light is one of the most versatile and fun aspects of photography. Play with it. Experiment and see what you can come up with. Light can be a photographer’s best friend so learn all you can about it, then go out and break all the rules and see what you create. That next award winning photograph could very well be yours.

Written by Joyce Anthony